A calcium score CT, also known as a coronary calcium scan, is a specialized type of computed tomography (CT) scan that is designed to detect the presence of calcified plaque in the coronary arteries. This plaque, which is composed of calcium, fats, and other substances, can harden over time and potentially narrow or block the coronary arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease or a heart attack.
The calcium score CT scan is non-invasive and quick, usually taking only a few minutes. During the procedure, the patient lies on a table inside a CT scanner. The machine takes several detailed images of the heart and the coronary arteries. These images are then analyzed to detect the presence and extent of calcified plaque. The amount of plaque is quantified as a “calcium score.” A higher calcium score indicates a greater amount of calcified plaque and a higher risk of coronary artery disease.
The results of the scan can help healthcare providers assess a patient’s risk for heart disease and guide decisions about lifestyle changes or medications to reduce this risk. This scan is particularly useful for people who have intermediate risk factors for heart disease, such as a family history of heart disease, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, or smoking.